KF KFI
Vol. 23, No. 1, 2026 08 Sep 2026

Review of raman spectral characteristics of graphene derived from 10 types of biomass

ABSTRAK

Graphene is a structure of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional hexagonal shape. The main raw material for graphene synthesis is graphite. Where the source of graphite that is most often synthesized to produce graphene generally comes from mined graphite and biomass graphite. The raw materials include palm shells, coconut shells, sugar cane, walnut shells, commercial graphite, Quercus ilex, coffee, PMDS/Lignin, empty palm fruit bunches and tea. Graphene characteristics can be identified by Raman characteristic curves to determine the D and G peak values of certain graphene structures. This article discusses the Raman characteristics of graphene synthesized from 10 biomasses.  Based on research conducted between 2020 and 2024, it was found that the ID/IG ratio for various materials showed significant variations, with commercial graphite having the lowest value of 0.09, indicating very high crystallinity. Quercus ilex had a ratio of 0.82, followed by coconut shell with 0.85 and walnut shell with 0.98, indicating a relatively regular structure. Palm oil shells show variations in the ID/IG ratio from 1.04 to 1.30, while empty palm fruit bunches are at 1.0. Ingredients such as sugar cane and tea have ratios of 1.34 and 1.4 respectively. Coffee has a fairly high ratio, namely 1.78, and PMDS/Lignin has the highest value of 1.86, indicating the most amorphous structure among all the materials analyzed. There are many ways to apply graphne, one of which is making ink.

KATA KUNCI

  • Biomass precursors; graphene; ID/IG ratio; palm-coconut biomass; raman spectroscopy

CARA MENGUTIP

Rita Lestari, Yana Fitri Anggreni, Seftri Harika, Yurike Fatmawati, Delovita Ginting, Romi Fadli Syahputra (2026) Review of raman spectral characteristics of graphene derived from 10 types of biomass. Komunikasi Fisika Indonesia, 23(1), 47-52 https://doi.org/10.31258/jkfi.23.1.47-52
Rita Lestari, Yana Fitri Anggreni, Seftri Harika, Yurike Fatmawati, Delovita Ginting, Romi Fadli Syahputra "Review of raman spectral characteristics of graphene derived from 10 types of biomass," Komunikasi Fisika Indonesia, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 47-52, 2026. doi: 10.31258/jkfi.23.1.47-52.
@article{lestari2026,
  author = {Rita Lestari and Yana Fitri Anggreni and Seftri Harika and Yurike Fatmawati and Delovita Ginting and Romi Fadli Syahputra},
  title = {Review of raman spectral characteristics of graphene derived from 10 types of biomass},
  journal = {Komunikasi Fisika Indonesia},
  year = {2026},
  volume = {23},
  number = {1},
  pages = {47-52},
  doi = {10.31258/jkfi.23.1.47-52},
  issn = {2579-521X},
}