KF KFI
Vol. 22, No. 3, 2025 08 Sep 2026

Design and electromagnetic simulation of rhombus-shaped split ring resonator metamaterials for telecommunication antenna applications

ABSTRAK

This research presents the design, simulation, and characterization of rhombus-shaped split ring resonator (SRR) metamaterials integrated into microstrip antennas to enhance bandwidth and gain performance. The proposed metamaterial consists of one to four SRR unit cells fabricated using copper on an FR-4 substrate (ɛr = 4.3). Electromagnetic simulations were performed using CST Studio Suite within the 0.009 – 9 GHz frequency range, followed by post-processing and material parameter extraction using the Nicolson-Ross-Weir (NRW) method in MATLAB. The analysis revealed that the four-cell SRR configuration exhibited double-negative (DNG) behavior with relative permittivity εr = -96.21, relative permeability μr = -11.65, and refractive index n = -8.49. Integration of this metamaterial into the microstrip antenna resulted in significant performance enhancement, achieving a return loss of -48.31 dB, a bandwidth of 4.37 GHz, an operating frequency of 5.24 GHz, and a gain of 2.23 dBi. These results confirm that the rhombus SRR metamaterial structure effectively improves electromagnetic wave confinement and power transmission efficiency, demonstrating strong potential for advanced telecommunication and sensor applications.

KATA KUNCI

  • Metamaterial; microstrip antenna; rhombus; split ring resonator; telecommunication

CARA MENGUTIP

Saktioto Saktioto, Yan Fatma Rizwan, Yan Soerbakti, Ari Sulistyo Rini, Syamsudhuha Syamsudhuha, Sofia Anita (2026) Design and electromagnetic simulation of rhombus-shaped split ring resonator metamaterials for telecommunication antenna applications. Komunikasi Fisika Indonesia, 22(3), 179-184 https://doi.org/10.31258/jkfi.22.3.179-184
Saktioto Saktioto, Yan Fatma Rizwan, Yan Soerbakti, Ari Sulistyo Rini, Syamsudhuha Syamsudhuha, Sofia Anita "Design and electromagnetic simulation of rhombus-shaped split ring resonator metamaterials for telecommunication antenna applications," Komunikasi Fisika Indonesia, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 179-184, 2026. doi: 10.31258/jkfi.22.3.179-184.
@article{saktioto2026,
  author = {Saktioto Saktioto and Yan Fatma Rizwan and Yan Soerbakti and Ari Sulistyo Rini and Syamsudhuha Syamsudhuha and Sofia Anita},
  title = {Design and electromagnetic simulation of rhombus-shaped split ring resonator metamaterials for telecommunication antenna applications},
  journal = {Komunikasi Fisika Indonesia},
  year = {2026},
  volume = {22},
  number = {3},
  pages = {179-184},
  doi = {10.31258/jkfi.22.3.179-184},
  issn = {2579-521X},
}